BMI is a very simple measurement. While it takes height into consideration, it does not account for factors such as:. High-performance athletes, for example, tend to be very fit and have little body fat. They can have a high BMI because they have more muscle mass, but this does not mean they are overweight. However, it should not be the only measure for an individual to assess whether their weight is ideal or not. Research has shown that people who have more body fat around their middle are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease CVD and diabetes.
For this reason, the waist-to-hip ratio WHR is a useful tool for calculating whether a person has a healthy weight and size. This will give them 0. How WHR affects the risk of cardiovascular disease CVD is different for men and women, because they tend to have different body shapes. However, these figures can vary , depending on the source and the population to which they apply. WHR may be a better predictor of heart attacks and other health risks than BMI, which does not take fat distribution into consideration.
A study of health records for 1, people in 11 countries, published in , showed that those with a higher WHR also have a greater risk of medical and surgical complications relating to colorectal surgery. Waist-to-height ratio WtHR is another tool that might predict the risk of heart disease , diabetes, and overall mortality more effectively than BMI.
A person whose waist measurement is less than half their height has a lower risk of a number of life-threatening health complications. To calculate the WtHR, a person should divide their waist size by their height. They should ask a doctor or dietitian for advice. A BMI of By maintaining a healthy weight, they can lower their risk of developing serious health problems. A BMI of 25— A doctor may advise them to lose some weight for health reasons.
They should talk with a doctor or dietitian for advice. A BMI of over 30 indicates that a person has obesity. Their health may be at risk if they do not lose weight. People who are overweight may have a higher risk than others of conditions such as heart disease , type 2 diabetes , sleep apnea, and colorectal cancer.
Some of these can be life threatening. Having insufficient weight can increase the risk of malnutrition , osteoporosis , anemia , and a range of problems that can result from various nutrient deficiencies. It can also be a symptom of a hormonal, digestive, or other problem. Some evidence suggests that the associations between BMI, body fat percentage, and body fat distribution may differ across populations due to variations in sex, race, and ethnicity.
A Brazilian study from looked at the correlation between BMI and body fat percentage in adult males and females. They concluded that to predict obesity-type body fat percentage, the standard BMI threshold of In Korea, they added, there is evidence to suggest that almost twice as many people have features of metabolic obesity but a moderate weight compared with the United States.
The results of one study found that Asian American people within the healthy weight range were more likely to have symptoms of metabolic syndrome than their non-Hispanic white counterparts.
A man who is 5 ft. You can also calculate your own BMI. The actual formula to determine BMI uses metric system measurements: weight in kilograms kg divided by height in meters, squared m 2. When using pounds and inches, the formula needs to be altered slightly. BMI does not measure body fat directly, but BMI is moderately correlated with more direct measures of body fat obtained from skinfold thickness measurements, bioelectrical impedance, underwater weighing, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry DXA and other methods 1,2,3.
Furthermore, BMI appears to be strongly correlated with various adverse health outcomes consistent with these more direct measures of body fatness 4,5,6,7,8,9. A comparison of the Slaughter skinfold-thickness equations and BMI in predicting body fatness and cardiovascular disease risk factor levels in children. Body fat throughout childhood in healthy Danish children: agreement of BMI, waist circumference, skinfolds with dual X-ray absorptiometry.
Comparison of body fatness measurements by BMI and skinfolds vs dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and their relation to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. Comparison of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric and anthropometric measures of adiposity in relation to adiposity-related biologic factors.
Association between general and central adiposity in childhood, and change in these, with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence: prospective cohort study. BMJ , , p.
0コメント